• Question: what do you do as scientists

    Asked by nasteha to Dalya, Derek, Sarah, Tim, Tom on 19 Jun 2011. This question was also asked by fabgurlb6, 1234abcd, ninja123, anon-16750.
    • Photo: Dalya Soond

      Dalya Soond answered on 13 Jun 2011:


      I spend a lot of my time lately teaching and writing grants. But mainly I do experiments.

      What is an experiment really? You come up with a hypothesis, figure out the best way to test it, and then see if you are right or wrong when you look at the results.

      So I might have the hypothesis: p110delta is involved in protection against cancer.
      To test this, we will cut p110delta out of the DNA of some mice (p110delta knockout). I will then inject a little bit of a tumour in these mice or wild-type ones with normal p110delta.
      If the tumour grows in the same way as the wild-type, I will say that I was wrong and p110delta doesn’t do anything to cancer.
      If the tumour grows faster in the p110delta knockouts than in the wild-types, I can tell that p110delta normally is used to stop cancer from growing (because without it the tumours grow faster.)
      If the tumours grow slower in the knockouts than the wild-types, I can tell that p110delta normally helps the tumour grow.

      After I get either of these last 2 results, I would then come up with another hypothesis to try to figure out which cells p110delta works in and what molecules these cells use when responding to cancer. i might also test if drugs against p110delta will change the way cancer grows in mice so we can predict how they might affect cancer growth in humans.

      Is this the sort of answer you were looking for?

    • Photo: Sarah Thomas

      Sarah Thomas answered on 13 Jun 2011:


      I’m doing a PhD which means I do research on a certain topic for 3 years and then I write up all my research in a big book which is called your thesis and then it is read by a couple of academics and they decide whether you pass or fail. If you pass, you get a doctorate, which means one day I will be Dr Sarah!

      The research that I do is about making chemicals we can use as tools to help us study cancer better, to understand it and find ways to target it. Usually this means working with tags or dyes, something we can label the biomolecule with so we can track it. I work with a lot of fluorescent dyes.

      The end goal of my research is to design a diagnostic blood test for cancer using the dyes I have made. It could be really exciting if it works as it would mean people would be getting diagnosied earlier and treated faster. Hopefully it will save lives.

      As well as my research, I am doing a schloarship in science communication. I give up my time and go to schools and public events to meet people, do demos and run hands on worskhops so people can learn new things about science. This is why I am doing “I’m a scientist” – because I want to win the prize money to pay for materials for my workshops!

      I also teach in the 1st year labs. I show the students how to do their experiments and help them when things go wrong (which they often do!). I really like helping the students because they are really friendly and I’m not a lot older than them so we still have a lot in common. And they seem to really enjoy being in the lab!

    • Photo: Tim Millar

      Tim Millar answered on 13 Jun 2011:


      A lot of thinking, a lot of reading, a lot of talking then a lot of writing. Eventually you are allowed to get your hands dirty in the lab. My experiments are usually quite quick ones, all over in ten minutes or so, but it may take days to get to the experiment and days to look at the data afterwards.

      Once you have done all the experiments, you get to tell everyone else about it either by writing a report and publishing it, or going to a conference and giving a talk about it. Then you ask for some more money and it all starts again.

    • Photo: Derek McKay-Bukowski

      Derek McKay-Bukowski answered on 13 Jun 2011:


      Wow! No easy answer on this one… one of the best things about this job is doing lots of different things. Here some of mine that I’ve done over the years:

      – writing computer programmes to process spacecraft data
      – climbing a mountain to get to a remote telescope
      – writing a monthly report to explain what’s been happening
      – giving a planetarium presentation to the general public
      – trying to figure out some why some telescope control software is not working
      – attaching a small optical telescope to a large radio one to check its alignment
      – driving a 4WD out to the telescope construction site
      – learning a new computer language
      – looking through a huge optical telescope to get check it’s working correctly
      – creating a display presentation board showing the locations of all the radio telescopes in the UK
      – shovelling sand into a trench to protect some signal cables
      – looking at solar photographs to count the sunspots
      – supervising university students to ensure that their building projects go correctly
      – completing a health-and-safety assessment
      – learning to speak a new language
      – reading scientific journals
      – climbing a telescope to press a hard-to-reach reset switch
      – helping other astronomers make observations
      – making maps of a radio galaxy
      – writing a web site to explain my work
      – attending a meeting to discuss the next year’s plans
      – running through a building assessment for the installation of a new control room
      – checking that electronics are working correctly
      – aligning some lenses on an optical-bench
      – attending a conference overseas to present my work
      – soldering some wires and resistors on a circuit board
      – explaining what needs to be done to contractors
      – planning the coordinates of a new antenna installation
      – shovelling snow off an antenna array
      – sitting in a computer room, watching thousands of blinking lights
      – marking student assessments
      – changing the tapes on large reel-to-reel data recorders
      – designing scientific radar receivers
      – listening to lectures by other astronomers
      – checking that a computer network is running correctly
      – doing time comparisons between observatories
      – trying to understand how a particular equation can be used to get a result
      – going through the data and removing points that are clearly wrong
      – completing my end-of-week timesheet to account for my work
      – filling in an application form to get more time at a telescope
      – giving lectures to university students
      – writing manuals on how to use the equipment that I’ve built
      – making precision temperature measurements
      – checking the safety equipment
      – trying to comprehend the statistics from a particular data set
      – trek back through the snow, armed with a rifle in case of polar-bear attack
      – doing a quality control check on a newly built antenna
      – attending staff meetings
      – rebooting failed computers
      – working out ways to neatly display the data
      – sitting in airport departure lounges waiting for the flight back home
      – drinking tea while waiting for my source code to compile
      – adding photographs and articles to my web logs

      and…

      – sitting up late at night answering IAS2011 questions 😉

    • Photo: Tom Crick

      Tom Crick answered on 19 Jun 2011:


      My time is split up as follows:

      Research: writing papers, grants, experiments, supervising PhD students
      Teaching: usually mathematics for computing, programming or computer architectures
      Pastoral: I’m in charge of undergraduate admissions for our Computing degrees, as well as the whole of the first year c.80 students
      Science communication, science policy and public engagement: speaking to people about (computer) science, trying to change how computing is taught in UK schools, helping support future innovation and R&D in Wales

      There is always lots to do!

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